¹UCL, London, UK,²QMUL, London, UK,³University of Exeter, Exeter, UK,⁴London Borough of Waltham Forest, London, UK

¹University College London, London, UK,²University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,³Imperial College London, London, UK,⁴King’s College London, London, UK,⁵Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK

¹The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK,²UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK,³Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK

¹University of Southampton, Southampton, UK,²Peter Macallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia

¹Barts Cancer Institute – Queen Mary University of London, London, UK,²Academic Medical Center – University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,³Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Flevoziekenhuis, Almere, The Netherlands,⁴Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tergooiziekenhuizen, Hilversum, The Netherlands,⁵Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands,⁶Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,⁷Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,⁸Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Spaarne Ziekenhuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands,⁹Gastroenterological Association, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,¹⁰Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,¹¹Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA