¹University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

¹University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, ²University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, ³University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, ⁴Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK

¹Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, ²Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, ³Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan, China, ⁴Department of Urology,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China, ⁵Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, ⁶Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, ⁷Department of Urology, The 1st Municipal Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China, ⁸Department of Complex Genetics, Cluster of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute, Maastricht University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands

¹The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

¹Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK, ²City University, London, UK, ³Welsh Government, Cardiff, UK, ⁴Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Cardiff, UK, ⁵Bangor University, Wrexham, UK, ⁶Cancer National Specialist Advisory Group, Cardiff, UK

¹University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, ²Northern and Yorkshire Cancer Registry and Information Service, Leeds, UK

¹The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, ²Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK, ³Barts & London University, London, UK, ⁴Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK, ⁵Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK, ⁶St Georges Hospital, London, UK, ⁷Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK

¹Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

¹King's College London, London, UK, ²London Quality Assurance Reference Centre, London, UK

¹University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK, ²Dept. of Sociology, Social Policy and Criminology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK

¹Haemostasis Biomedical Research Unit, Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University NHS Trust, Swansea, UK, ²School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK, ³Department of Respiratory Medicine, Morriston Hospital, Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University NHS Trust, Swansea, UK, ⁴Department of Oncology, Singleton Hospital, Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University NHS Trust, Swansea, UK, ⁵School of Applied Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK, ⁶School of Engineering,Swansea University, Swansea, UK

¹University Of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

¹University Of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, ²Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK

¹Paediatric Epidemiology Group, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, ²Cancer Epidemiology Group, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, ³Northern and Yorkshire Cancer Registry and Information Service, Leeds, UK, ⁴Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Leeds, UK, ⁵Institute of Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK, ⁶Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK

¹Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, ²South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt, ³Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK

¹University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, ²Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

¹Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, ²Queen Mary University of London, London, UK, ³University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, ⁴University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, ⁵Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK

¹King’s College London, Thames Cancer Registry, London, UK, ²Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK, ³National Cancer Intelligence Network, London, UK, ⁴Department of Respiratory Medicine, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK

¹Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK, ²University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, ³Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK, ⁴Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK, ⁵Papworth Hospital, Cambridgeshire, UK, ⁶St George's Hospital, London, UK, ⁷Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK

¹Imperial NHS Trust, London, UK, ²Imperial College London, London, UK

¹Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Merseyside, UK

¹Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK

¹Academic Unit of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, ²Division of Surgery Head and Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK, ³Colorectal Cancer Patient Representative, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK, ⁴Department of General Surgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK

¹King's College London, London, UK, ²Thames Cancer Registry, London, UK, ³The Danish Lung Cancer Registry, Denmark, Denmark, ⁴Odense University Hospital 'Rigshospitalet', Odense, Denmark, ⁵Copenhagen University Hospital at Herlev, Herlev, Denmark

¹University of Glasgow Medical School, Glasgow, UK, ²West of Scotland Cancer Surveillance Unit, Scotland, UK, ³University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

¹National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland

¹West Midlands Cancer Intelligence Unit, Birmingham, UK

¹Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Belfast, UK, ²National Cancer Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland, ³University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland, ^CREALCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology

¹West Midlands Cancer Intelligence Unit, Birmingham, UK, ²Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK, ³Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK, ⁴Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK, ⁵Eastern Cancer Registration & Information Centre, Cambridge, UK

¹King's College London, London, UK, ²Barts Cancer Institute, London, UK, ³Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK, ⁴University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, UK

¹St James's Institute of Oncology, Leeds, UK, ²University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

¹West Midlands Cancer Intelligence Unit, Birmingham, UK, ²Eastern Cancer Registration & Information Centre, Cambridge, UK

¹University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, ²North Bristol Trust, Bristol, UK, ³University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, ⁴Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK, ⁵University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, ⁶Addenbokes's Hospital, Cambridge, UK